diff --git a/kiln-core/src/api/mod.rs b/kiln-core/src/api/mod.rs
index f8d5515..140c8f5 100644
--- a/kiln-core/src/api/mod.rs
+++ b/kiln-core/src/api/mod.rs
@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-pub mod state;
 pub mod player;
 pub mod board;
 pub mod object_info;
diff --git a/kiln-core/src/api/player.rs b/kiln-core/src/api/player.rs
index 9d36615..29423e3 100644
--- a/kiln-core/src/api/player.rs
+++ b/kiln-core/src/api/player.rs
@@ -1,21 +1,22 @@
 use rhai::Engine;
-use crate::player::Player;
+use crate::api::board::BoardRef;
+use crate::player::PlayerRef;
 use crate::script::Registerable;
-use crate::utils::{ErrorSink, PlayerPos};
+use crate::utils::ErrorSink;
 
 /// GameState stores player state but Board stores its position, and we want one
 /// object to register with Rhai
-#[derive(Copy, Clone)]
-pub struct PlayerWithPos(pub Player, pub PlayerPos);
+#[derive(Clone)]
+pub struct PlayerWithPos(pub PlayerRef, pub BoardRef);
 
 impl Registerable for PlayerWithPos {
     fn register(engine: &mut Engine, _error_sink: ErrorSink) {
         engine.register_type_with_name::<PlayerWithPos>("Player")
-            .register_get("gems", |player: &mut PlayerWithPos| player.0.gems)
-            .register_get("health", |player: &mut PlayerWithPos| player.0.health)
-            .register_get("max_health", |player: &mut PlayerWithPos| player.0.max_health)
-            .register_get("keys", |player: &mut PlayerWithPos| player.0.keys)
-            .register_get("x", |player: &mut PlayerWithPos| player.1.x)
-            .register_get("y", |player: &mut PlayerWithPos| player.1.y);
+            .register_get("gems", |player: &mut PlayerWithPos| player.0.borrow().gems)
+            .register_get("health", |player: &mut PlayerWithPos| player.0.borrow().health)
+            .register_get("max_health", |player: &mut PlayerWithPos| player.0.borrow().max_health)
+            .register_get("keys", |player: &mut PlayerWithPos| player.0.borrow().keys)
+            .register_get("x", |player: &mut PlayerWithPos| player.1.borrow().player.x)
+            .register_get("y", |player: &mut PlayerWithPos| player.1.borrow().player.y);
     }
 }
diff --git a/kiln-core/src/api/registry.rs b/kiln-core/src/api/registry.rs
index 494733f..3a6b86d 100644
--- a/kiln-core/src/api/registry.rs
+++ b/kiln-core/src/api/registry.rs
@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ use crate::utils::{ErrorSink, RegistryValue};
 pub struct Registry(pub BoardRef);
 
 impl Registerable for Registry {
-    fn register(engine: &mut Engine, error_sink: ErrorSink) {
+    fn register(engine: &mut Engine, _error_sink: ErrorSink) {
         engine.register_type_with_name::<Registry>("Registry");
 
         // Registry.get(key) -> Dynamic  — returns () if the key is absent.
diff --git a/kiln-core/src/api/state.rs b/kiln-core/src/api/state.rs
deleted file mode 100644
index 8011121..0000000
--- a/kiln-core/src/api/state.rs
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,32 +0,0 @@
-use rhai::Engine;
-use crate::api::board::BoardRef;
-use crate::api::player::PlayerWithPos;
-use crate::game::GameState;
-use crate::script::Registerable;
-use crate::utils::ErrorSink;
-
-/// The host-provided context handed to every script hook for the duration of one
-/// call. Currently just the player snapshot, but it exists so more host state can
-/// be threaded through the `run_*` methods without changing each signature again.
-#[derive(Clone)]
-pub struct ScriptState {
-    pub player: PlayerWithPos,
-    pub board: BoardRef,
-}
-
-impl ScriptState {
-    pub fn from_game_state(game_state: &GameState) -> Self {
-        Self {
-            player: PlayerWithPos(game_state.player, game_state.board().player),
-            board: game_state.board_rc(),
-        }
-    }
-}
-
-impl Registerable for ScriptState {
-    fn register(engine: &mut Engine, _error_sink: ErrorSink) {
-        engine.register_type_with_name::<ScriptState>("State")
-            .register_get("player", |state: &mut ScriptState| state.player)
-            .register_get("board", |state: &mut ScriptState| state.board.clone());
-    }
-}
diff --git a/kiln-core/src/game.rs b/kiln-core/src/game.rs
index 6a98a92..54c3405 100644
--- a/kiln-core/src/game.rs
+++ b/kiln-core/src/game.rs
@@ -13,8 +13,7 @@ pub const SAY_DURATION: f64 = 3.0;
 // Re-export ScrollLine so kiln-tui can pattern-match scroll content without
 // accessing the private `action` module directly.
 pub use crate::action::ScrollLine;
-use crate::api::state::ScriptState;
-use crate::player::Player;
+use crate::player::{Player, PlayerRef};
 
 /// An active scroll overlay opened by a scripted object via `scroll()`.
 ///
@@ -72,7 +71,7 @@ pub struct GameState {
     /// per-board: it persists across board transitions, unlike the per-board
     /// position in [`Board::player`](crate::board::Board::player). Scripts mutate
     /// it via `add_gems`/`alter_health`/`set_key` and read a snapshot of it.
-    pub player: Player,
+    pub player: PlayerRef,
 }
 
 impl GameState {
@@ -84,11 +83,13 @@ impl GameState {
     /// Compile errors are surfaced into the log immediately.
     pub fn from_world(world: World) -> Self {
         let name = world.start.clone();
+        let player = Player::new_ref();
         let host = ScriptHost::new(
             world
                 .boards
                 .get(&name)
-                .expect("world::load guarantees start board exists"),
+                .expect("world::load guarantees start board exists").clone(),
+            player.clone(),
             &world.scripts,
         );
         let mut state = Self {
@@ -99,7 +100,7 @@ impl GameState {
             speech_bubbles: Vec::new(),
             active_scroll: None,
             board_transition: None,
-            player: Player::default()
+            player
         };
         state.drain_errors();
         state
@@ -163,7 +164,7 @@ impl GameState {
     /// the game is about to start — never during map deserialization, since a script
     /// may inspect the board.
     pub fn run_init(&mut self) {
-        self.scripts.run_init(ScriptState::from_game_state(self));
+        self.scripts.run_init();
         self.resolve();
     }
 
@@ -177,7 +178,7 @@ impl GameState {
         // this runs exactly once per player interaction with a scroll.
         self.handle_scroll();
         let secs = dt.as_secs_f64();
-        self.scripts.run_tick(ScriptState::from_game_state(self), secs);
+        self.scripts.run_tick(secs);
         // Expire speech bubbles before resolving new actions so a fresh say()
         // this frame isn't immediately culled.
         self.speech_bubbles.retain_mut(|b| {
@@ -338,23 +339,22 @@ impl GameState {
         }
         // Apply the net gem change (clamped at 0, since the count is unsigned).
         if gem_delta != 0 {
-            self.player.alter_gems(gem_delta);
+            self.player.borrow_mut().alter_gems(gem_delta);
         }
         // Apply the net health change (clamped to [0, max_health]).
         if health_delta != 0 {
-            self.player.alter_health(health_delta);
+            self.player.borrow_mut().alter_health(health_delta);
         }
         for (color, present) in key_changes {
-            if !self.player.keys.set_by_name(&color, present) {
+            if !self.player.borrow_mut().keys.set_by_name(&color, present) {
                 self.log.push(LogLine::error(format!("set_key: unknown color {color:?}")));
             }
         }
-        let state = ScriptState::from_game_state(self);
         for (bumped, bumper) in bumps {
-            self.scripts.run_bump(state.clone(), bumped, bumper);
+            self.scripts.run_bump(bumped, bumper);
         }
         for (target, fn_name, arg) in sends {
-            self.scripts.run_send(state.clone(), target, &fn_name, arg);
+            self.scripts.run_send(target, &fn_name, arg);
         }
         self.drain_errors();
     }
@@ -370,7 +370,7 @@ impl GameState {
         if let Some(scroll) = self.active_scroll.take()
             && let Some(choice) = scroll.choice
         {
-            self.scripts.run_send(ScriptState::from_game_state(self), scroll.source, &choice, SendArg::None);
+            self.scripts.run_send(scroll.source, &choice, SendArg::None);
             self.drain_errors();
         }
     }
@@ -416,7 +416,8 @@ impl GameState {
         self.board_mut().clear_all_queues();
         // Rebuild the script host for the new board's objects.
         self.scripts = ScriptHost::new(
-            &self.world.boards[&self.current_board_name],
+            self.world.boards[&self.current_board_name].clone(),
+            self.player.clone(),
             &self.world.scripts,
         );
         // Stub hook for the front-end transition animation (1 second).
@@ -477,13 +478,12 @@ impl GameState {
         }
         // Fire the grab hook and resolve it immediately so the grabbed thing's
         // die()/add_gems() apply now — no player+object overlap survives this call.
-        let state = ScriptState::from_game_state(self);
         if let Some(id) = grabbed {
-            self.scripts.run_grab(state.clone(), id);
+            self.scripts.run_grab(id);
             self.resolve();
         }
         if let Some(idx) = bumped {
-            self.scripts.run_bump(state, idx, -1);
+            self.scripts.run_bump(idx, -1);
             self.drain_errors();
         }
     }
@@ -539,7 +539,7 @@ mod tests {
         game.try_move(Direction::East);
 
         // The gem was grabbed: gem count up, gem object gone, player on its cell.
-        assert_eq!(game.player.gems, 1);
+        assert_eq!(game.player.borrow().gems, 1);
         assert!(game.board().objects.is_empty());
         assert_eq!((game.board().player.x, game.board().player.y), (1, 0));
     }
@@ -567,7 +567,7 @@ mod tests {
         game.tick(Duration::from_millis(16));
 
         // No grab: the gem is untouched and the player never moved.
-        assert_eq!(game.player.gems, 0);
+        assert_eq!(game.player.borrow().gems, 0);
         assert!(game.board().objects.values().any(|o| o.grab));
         assert_eq!((game.board().player.x, game.board().player.y), (2, 0));
     }
@@ -591,7 +591,7 @@ mod tests {
         // crate moves to (3,0), empty moves back to (2,0).
         let mut game = game_with_object_script(
             5,
-            "fn tick(m,s,dt) { if m.queue.length == 0 { shift([[2, 0], [3, 0]]); } }",
+            "fn tick(m,dt) { if m.queue.length == 0 { shift([[2, 0], [3, 0]]); } }",
         );
         game.tick(Duration::from_millis(16));
         let b = game.board();
@@ -609,10 +609,10 @@ mod tests {
         obj.script_name = Some("s".to_string());
         let mut board = open_board(4, 1, (3, 0), vec![obj]);
         crate_at(&mut board, 2, 0);
-        let src = "fn init(m,s) { \
-                   log(if s.board.passable(1, 0) { \"empty:yes\" } else { \"empty:no\" }); \
-                   log(if s.board.passable(2, 0) { \"crate:yes\" } else { \"crate:no\" }); \
-                   log(if s.board.passable(9, 0) { \"off:yes\" } else { \"off:no\" }); }";
+        let src = "fn init(m) { \
+                   log(if Board.passable(1, 0) { \"empty:yes\" } else { \"empty:no\" }); \
+                   log(if Board.passable(2, 0) { \"crate:yes\" } else { \"crate:no\" }); \
+                   log(if Board.passable(9, 0) { \"off:yes\" } else { \"off:no\" }); }";
         let scripts = HashMap::from([("s".to_string(), src.to_string())]);
         let mut game = GameState::with_scripts(board, scripts);
         game.run_init();
@@ -727,14 +727,15 @@ mod tests {
         let board = open_board(2, 1, (1, 0), vec![sobj]);
         let scripts = HashMap::from([(
             "s".to_string(),
-            "fn init(m, s) { set_key(\"blue\", true); set_key(\"red\", true); }".to_string(),
+            "fn init(m) { set_key(\"blue\", true); set_key(\"red\", true); }".to_string(),
         )]);
         let mut game = GameState::with_scripts(board, scripts);
         game.run_init();
 
-        assert!(game.player.keys.blue);
-        assert!(game.player.keys.red);
-        assert!(!game.player.keys.cyan); // cyan was not set by the script
+        let keys = game.player.borrow().keys;
+        assert!(keys.blue);
+        assert!(keys.red);
+        assert!(!keys.cyan); // cyan was not set by the script
 
         // A second script can take a key.
         let mut sobj2 = ObjectDef::new(0, 0);
@@ -743,12 +744,12 @@ mod tests {
         let board2 = open_board(2, 1, (1, 0), vec![sobj2]);
         let scripts2 = HashMap::from([(
             "t".to_string(),
-            "fn init(m, s) { set_key(\"blue\", true); set_key(\"blue\", false); }".to_string(),
+            "fn init(m) { set_key(\"blue\", true); set_key(\"blue\", false); }".to_string(),
         )]);
         let mut game2 = GameState::with_scripts(board2, scripts2);
         game2.run_init();
 
-        assert!(!game2.player.keys.blue);
+        assert!(!game2.player.borrow().keys.blue);
     }
 
     #[test]
@@ -759,7 +760,7 @@ mod tests {
         let board = open_board(2, 1, (1, 0), vec![sobj]);
         let scripts = HashMap::from([(
             "s".to_string(),
-            r#"fn init(m,s) { set_key("chartreuse", true); }"#.to_string(),
+            r#"fn init(m) { set_key("chartreuse", true); }"#.to_string(),
         )]);
         let mut game = GameState::with_scripts(board, scripts);
         game.run_init();
diff --git a/kiln-core/src/player.rs b/kiln-core/src/player.rs
index 66e725e..2fca41a 100644
--- a/kiln-core/src/player.rs
+++ b/kiln-core/src/player.rs
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+use std::cell::RefCell;
+use std::rc::Rc;
 use crate::keys::Keyring;
 
 /// The game-global player state: stats that follow the player across boards.
@@ -26,7 +28,14 @@ pub struct Player {
     pub gems: i64,
 }
 
+pub type PlayerRef = Rc<RefCell<Player>>;
+
 impl Player {
+    /// Create a new PlayerRef from a default player
+    pub fn new_ref() -> PlayerRef {
+        Rc::new(RefCell::from(Player::default()))
+    }
+
     /// Attempt to modify the gem total by the given amount, but maintain a minimum of zero.
     /// If the modification would take up below zero, leave it alone and return false.
     pub fn alter_gems(&mut self, delta: i64) -> bool {
diff --git a/kiln-core/src/script.rs b/kiln-core/src/script.rs
index 8a20a31..d56acd8 100644
--- a/kiln-core/src/script.rs
+++ b/kiln-core/src/script.rs
@@ -35,7 +35,7 @@ use crate::game::SAY_DURATION;
 use crate::log::LogLine;
 use crate::map_file::parse_color;
 use crate::object_def::ObjectDef;
-use crate::utils::{Direction, ErrorSink, Hook, ObjectId, RegistryValue};
+use crate::utils::{Direction, ErrorSink, Hook, ObjectId};
 use rhai::{
     Array, CallFnOptions, Dynamic, Engine, ImmutableString, Module, NativeCallContext,
     Scope, AST,
@@ -48,9 +48,9 @@ use crate::api::object_info::ObjectInfo;
 use crate::api::player::PlayerWithPos;
 use crate::api::queue::ObjQueue;
 use crate::api::registry::Registry;
-use crate::api::state::ScriptState;
 use crate::glyph::Glyph;
 use crate::keys::Keyring;
+use crate::player::PlayerRef;
 
 /// Types which can be registered to be sent to Rhai
 pub trait Registerable {
@@ -100,6 +100,7 @@ pub struct ScriptHost {
     scopes: HashMap<ObjectId, Scope<'static>>,
     board_queue: BoardQueue,
     errors: ErrorSink,
+    board: BoardRef
 }
 
 impl ScriptHost {
@@ -110,7 +111,7 @@ impl ScriptHost {
     ///
     /// `scripts` is the world-level script pool (script name → Rhai source); it is
     /// read only during construction and not retained afterward.
-    pub fn new(board_cell: &BoardRef, script_sources: &HashMap<String, String>) -> Self {
+    pub fn new(board_ref: BoardRef, player: PlayerRef, script_sources: &HashMap<String, String>) -> Self {
         let board_queue: BoardQueue = Rc::new(RefCell::new(Vec::new()));
         let errors = ErrorSink::new();
         let mut scopes = HashMap::new();
@@ -120,16 +121,15 @@ impl ScriptHost {
         PlayerWithPos::register(&mut engine, errors.clone());
         Keyring::register(&mut engine, errors.clone());
         BoardRef::register(&mut engine, errors.clone());
-        ScriptState::register(&mut engine, errors.clone());
         ObjectInfo::register(&mut engine, errors.clone());
         Glyph::register(&mut engine, errors.clone());
         ObjQueue::register(&mut engine, errors.clone());
         Registry::register(&mut engine, errors.clone());
 
-        register_write_api(&mut engine, board_cell.clone());
-        register_global_constants(&mut engine, board_cell.clone());
+        register_write_api(&mut engine, board_ref.clone());
+        register_global_constants(&mut engine, board_ref.clone(), player.clone());
 
-        let board = board_cell.borrow();
+        let board = board_ref.borrow();
 
         // Compile each referenced script once, keyed by `script_key` (the object's
         // `script_name`: a world-pool name for named scripts, or a synthetic
@@ -166,10 +166,10 @@ impl ScriptHost {
                     scripts.insert(
                         key,
                         CompiledScript {
-                            has_init: defines("init", 2),
-                            has_tick: defines("tick", 3),
-                            has_bump: defines("bump", 3),
-                            has_grab: defines("grab", 2),
+                            has_init: defines("init", 1),
+                            has_tick: defines("tick", 2),
+                            has_bump: defines("bump", 2),
+                            has_grab: defines("grab", 1),
                             ast,
                         },
                     );
@@ -199,43 +199,41 @@ impl ScriptHost {
             board_queue,
             errors,
             scopes,
+            board: board_ref
         }
     }
 
     /// Calls `tick(dt)` on every scripted object that defines it, then drains queues.
-    pub fn run_tick(&mut self, state: ScriptState, dt: f64) {
-        self.run_hook_on_all(Hook::Tick, state, dt);
+    pub fn run_tick(&mut self, dt: f64) {
+        self.run_hook_on_all(Hook::Tick, dt);
     }
 
-    pub fn run_init(&mut self, state: ScriptState) {
-        self.run_hook_on_all(Hook::Init, state, 0.0)
+    pub fn run_init(&mut self) {
+        self.run_hook_on_all(Hook::Init, 0.0)
     }
 
     /// Run the given hook on every object that defines it. For hooks other than
     /// `Tick`, dt should just be 0.0
-    fn run_hook_on_all(&mut self, hook: Hook, state: ScriptState, dt: f64) {
-        let all_ids = state.board.borrow().all_ids();
+    fn run_hook_on_all(&mut self, hook: Hook, dt: f64) {
+        let all_ids = self.board.borrow().all_ids();
         let arg = match hook {
             Hook::Tick => Some(Dynamic::from(dt)),
             _ => None,
         };
 
         for id in all_ids {
-            self.run_hook_on_one(hook, state.clone(), id, arg.clone(), dt)
+            self.run_hook_on_one(hook, id, arg.clone(), dt)
         }
     }
 
-    fn run_hook_on_one(&mut self, hook: Hook, state: ScriptState, id: ObjectId, arg: Option<Dynamic>, dt: f64) {
-        if let Some(mut info) = ObjectInfo::from_id(id, state.board.clone()) {
+    fn run_hook_on_one(&mut self, hook: Hook, id: ObjectId, arg: Option<Dynamic>, dt: f64) {
+        if let Some(mut info) = ObjectInfo::from_id(id, self.board.clone()) {
             if let Some(script_key) = info.script_name.as_ref()
                 && let Some(script) = self.scripts.get(script_key)
                 && let Some(scope) = self.scopes.get_mut(&id) {
 
                 if script.has(hook) {
-                    let mut args = vec![
-                        Dynamic::from(info.clone()),
-                        Dynamic::from(state.clone())
-                    ];
+                    let mut args = vec![Dynamic::from(info.clone())];
                     if let Some(d) = arg { args.push(d) }
 
                     // Call this with opts tagging this call as our id. The write API will read
@@ -261,8 +259,8 @@ impl ScriptHost {
 
     /// Calls `bump(id)` on the object with [`ObjectId`] `object_id`, if it defines
     /// the hook. After the hook, drains the object's queue with `dt = 0`.
-    pub fn run_bump(&mut self, state: ScriptState, id: ObjectId, bumper: i64) {
-        self.run_hook_on_one(Hook::Bump, state, id, Some(Dynamic::from(bumper)), 0.0);
+    pub fn run_bump(&mut self, id: ObjectId, bumper: i64) {
+        self.run_hook_on_one(Hook::Bump, id, Some(Dynamic::from(bumper)), 0.0);
     }
 
     /// Calls `grab()` on the object with [`ObjectId`] `object_id`, if it defines the
@@ -271,21 +269,20 @@ impl ScriptHost {
     /// Fired when the player walks onto a grab object or a grab object is pushed
     /// into the player (see [`GameState`](crate::game::GameState)). The hook
     /// typically increments a player stat and removes the object via `die()`.
-    pub fn run_grab(&mut self, state: ScriptState, object_id: ObjectId) {
-        self.run_hook_on_one(Hook::Grab, state, object_id, None, 0.0);
+    pub fn run_grab(&mut self, object_id: ObjectId) {
+        self.run_hook_on_one(Hook::Grab, object_id, None, 0.0);
     }
 
     /// Calls the named function on the object with [`ObjectId`] `target_id`.
     ///
     /// What we pass depends on arity, in this order:
-    /// - If it has arity 3, we pass `[ObjectInfo, ScriptState, SendArg]`
-    /// - If it has arity 2, we pass `[ObjectInfo, ScriptState]`
-    /// - If it has arity 1, we pass the arg
+    /// - If it has arity 2, we pass `[ObjectInfo, arg]`
+    /// - If it has arity 1, we pass the ObjectInfo alone
     /// - If it has arity 0, we pass nothing
     ///
     /// In cases where the arg isn't provided but we have the arity, we pass `Dynamic::UNIT`
-    pub(crate) fn run_send(&mut self, state: ScriptState, id: ObjectId, fn_name: &str, arg: SendArg) {
-        if let Some(mut info) = ObjectInfo::from_id(id, state.board.clone()) {
+    pub(crate) fn run_send(&mut self, id: ObjectId, fn_name: &str, arg: SendArg) {
+        if let Some(mut info) = ObjectInfo::from_id(id, self.board.clone()) {
             if let Some(script_key) = info.script_name.as_ref()
                 && let Some(script) = self.scripts.get(script_key)
                 && let Some(scope) = self.scopes.get_mut(&id) {
@@ -307,15 +304,11 @@ impl ScriptHost {
 
                 // Assemble the args
                 let mut args = vec![];
-                if arities.contains(&3) {
+                if arities.contains(&2) {
                     args.push(Dynamic::from(info.clone()));
-                    args.push(Dynamic::from(state.clone()));
                     args.push(arg.into());
-                } else if arities.contains(&2) {
-                    args.push(Dynamic::from(info.clone()));
-                    args.push(Dynamic::from(state.clone()));
                 } else if arities.contains(&1) {
-                    args.push(arg.into());
+                    args.push(Dynamic::from(info.clone()));
                 }
 
                 // Call this with opts tagging this call as our id. The write API will read
@@ -614,9 +607,10 @@ fn read_coord_array(arr: &Array) -> Result<Vec<(i64, i64)>, ()> {
 /// Registers direction and color constants as a global Rhai module so they are
 /// visible to every function at any call depth, including Rhai-to-Rhai calls.
 /// (Scope-level constants are only visible to the top-level function Rust calls.)
-fn register_global_constants(engine: &mut Engine, board: BoardRef) {
+fn register_global_constants(engine: &mut Engine, board: BoardRef, player: PlayerRef) {
     let mut m = Module::new();
-    m.set_var("Board", board);
+    m.set_var("Board", board.clone());
+    m.set_var("Player", PlayerWithPos(player.clone(), board));
     m.set_var("North", Direction::North);
     m.set_var("South", Direction::South);
     m.set_var("East", Direction::East);
diff --git a/kiln-core/src/scripts/gem.rhai b/kiln-core/src/scripts/gem.rhai
index 0d78b1c..be33f7b 100644
--- a/kiln-core/src/scripts/gem.rhai
+++ b/kiln-core/src/scripts/gem.rhai
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@
 // A gem is a grabbable collectible: walking onto it (or pushing it into the
 // player) fires this `grab()` hook instead of blocking. We bump the player's gem
 // count and remove ourselves from the board.
-fn grab(me, state) {
+fn grab(me) {
     add_gems(1);
     die();
 }
diff --git a/kiln-core/src/scripts/heart.rhai b/kiln-core/src/scripts/heart.rhai
index bb1a666..7d951e1 100644
--- a/kiln-core/src/scripts/heart.rhai
+++ b/kiln-core/src/scripts/heart.rhai
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 //
 // A heart is a grabbable collectible: walking onto it fires `grab()` instead
 // of blocking. It restores 1 health and removes itself from the board.
-fn grab(me, state) {
+fn grab(me) {
     alter_health(1);
     die();
 }
diff --git a/kiln-core/src/scripts/key.rhai b/kiln-core/src/scripts/key.rhai
index 99f2d9b..e0e2862 100644
--- a/kiln-core/src/scripts/key.rhai
+++ b/kiln-core/src/scripts/key.rhai
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@
 // A gem is a grabbable collectible: walking onto it (or pushing it into the
 // player) fires this `grab()` hook instead of blocking. We bump the player's gem
 // count and remove ourselves from the board.
-fn grab(me, state) {
+fn grab(me) {
     let colors = [
         "red",
         "orange",
diff --git a/kiln-core/src/scripts/pusher.rhai b/kiln-core/src/scripts/pusher.rhai
index a5515c6..9752179 100644
--- a/kiln-core/src/scripts/pusher.rhai
+++ b/kiln-core/src/scripts/pusher.rhai
@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@
 // pusher shares one compiled copy and learns its direction from the
 // `BUILTIN_pusher_<dir>` tag the map loader attached to it.
 
-fn tick(me, state, dt) {
+fn tick(me, dt) {
     // Only queue a step when idle. `move` shoves the chain ahead via step_object
     // and is a no-op when blocked; the delay pads each step out to ~0.5s (move
     // itself costs 0.25s), matching the old global pusher heartbeat.
diff --git a/kiln-core/src/scripts/spinner.rhai b/kiln-core/src/scripts/spinner.rhai
index b6a13d1..5e4f36d 100644
--- a/kiln-core/src/scripts/spinner.rhai
+++ b/kiln-core/src/scripts/spinner.rhai
@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@
 // engine and the script just hands it the ring. The spin direction comes from the
 // `BUILTIN_spinner_*` tag the map loader attaches (it defaults to clockwise when no
 // tag is present).
-fn tick(me, state, dt) {
+fn tick(me, dt) {
     // Only start a new rotation when the previous one (and its delay) has drained,
     // exactly like the built-in pusher's pacing.
     if me.waiting { return; }
diff --git a/kiln-core/src/tests/actions.rs b/kiln-core/src/tests/actions.rs
index cfb3514..3a41e1b 100644
--- a/kiln-core/src/tests/actions.rs
+++ b/kiln-core/src/tests/actions.rs
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ use std::time::Duration;
 fn move_command_relocates_the_source_object() {
     let board = open_board(5, 3, (0, 0), vec![scripted_object(2, 1, "m")]);
     let mut game =
-        GameState::with_scripts(board, scripts_from(&[("m", "fn init(m,s) { move(East); }")]));
+        GameState::with_scripts(board, scripts_from(&[("m", "fn init(m) { move(East); }")]));
     game.run_init();
     let b = game.board();
     // East increments x by one; the object started at (2, 1).
@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@ fn move_into_a_wall_or_edge_is_a_noop() {
     // Object at the west edge moving west: out of bounds, ignored.
     let board = open_board(5, 3, (0, 0), vec![scripted_object(0, 1, "m")]);
     let mut game =
-        GameState::with_scripts(board, scripts_from(&[("m", "fn init(m,s) { move(West); }")]));
+        GameState::with_scripts(board, scripts_from(&[("m", "fn init(m) { move(West); }")]));
     game.run_init();
     assert_eq!(game.board().objects[&1].x, 0);
 }
@@ -29,7 +29,7 @@ fn move_into_a_wall_or_edge_is_a_noop() {
 fn set_tile_command_changes_the_source_glyph() {
     let board = open_board(5, 3, (0, 0), vec![scripted_object(2, 1, "s")]);
     let mut game =
-        GameState::with_scripts(board, scripts_from(&[("s", "fn init(m,s) { set_tile(7); }")]));
+        GameState::with_scripts(board, scripts_from(&[("s", "fn init(m) { set_tile(7); }")]));
     game.run_init();
     assert_eq!(game.board().objects[&1].glyph.tile, 7);
 }
@@ -40,7 +40,7 @@ fn object_pushes_crate_on_init() {
     let mut board = open_board(4, 1, (0, 0), vec![scripted_object(1, 0, "m")]);
     crate_at(&mut board, 2, 0);
     let mut game =
-        GameState::with_scripts(board, scripts_from(&[("m", "fn init(m,s) { move(East); }")]));
+        GameState::with_scripts(board, scripts_from(&[("m", "fn init(m) { move(East); }")]));
     game.run_init();
     let b = game.board();
     assert_eq!((b.objects[&1].x, b.objects[&1].y), (2, 0));
@@ -53,7 +53,7 @@ fn object_push_into_player() {
     // A scripted object moving into the player pushes the player when there's room.
     let board = open_board(5, 1, (2, 0), vec![scripted_object(1, 0, "m")]);
     let mut game =
-        GameState::with_scripts(board, scripts_from(&[("m", "fn init(m,s) { move(East); }")]));
+        GameState::with_scripts(board, scripts_from(&[("m", "fn init(m) { move(East); }")]));
     game.run_init();
     {
         let b = game.board();
@@ -65,7 +65,7 @@ fn object_push_into_player() {
     let mut board = open_board(4, 1, (2, 0), vec![scripted_object(1, 0, "m")]);
     wall_at(&mut board, 3, 0);
     let mut game =
-        GameState::with_scripts(board, scripts_from(&[("m", "fn init(m,s) { move(East); }")]));
+        GameState::with_scripts(board, scripts_from(&[("m", "fn init(m) { move(East); }")]));
     game.run_init();
     let b = game.board();
     assert_eq!((b.objects[&1].x, b.objects[&1].y), (1, 0));
@@ -79,7 +79,7 @@ fn move_cost_rate_limits_repeated_moves() {
     let board = open_board(5, 1, (0, 0), vec![scripted_object(1, 0, "m")]);
     let mut game = GameState::with_scripts(
         board,
-        scripts_from(&[("m", "fn init(m,s) { move(East); move(East); }")]),
+        scripts_from(&[("m", "fn init(m) { move(East); move(East); }")]),
     );
     game.run_init();
     assert_eq!(game.board().objects[&1].x, 2); // first move applied (1 -> 2)
@@ -102,7 +102,7 @@ fn inline_delay_paces_subsequent_moves() {
     wall_at(&mut board, 2, 1);
     let mut game = GameState::with_scripts(
         board,
-        scripts_from(&[("m", "fn init(m,s) { move(East); move(South); }")]),
+        scripts_from(&[("m", "fn init(m) { move(East); move(South); }")]),
     );
     game.run_init();
     // First (eastward) move is blocked by the wall: object hasn't moved.
@@ -136,7 +136,7 @@ fn queue_length_reports_pending_actions() {
         board,
         scripts_from(&[(
             "q",
-            "fn init(m,s) { set_tile(5); set_tile(6); log(`len=${m.queue.length}`); }",
+            "fn init(m) { set_tile(5); set_tile(6); log(`len=${m.queue.length}`); }",
         )]),
     );
     game.run_init();
@@ -166,7 +166,7 @@ fn blocked_reports_solid_and_clear() {
         board,
         scripts_from(&[(
             "b",
-            "fn init(m, s) { if m.blocked(East) { set_tile(9); } else { set_tile(7); } }",
+            "fn init(m) { if m.blocked(East) { set_tile(9); } else { set_tile(7); } }",
         )]),
     );
     game.run_init();
@@ -178,7 +178,7 @@ fn blocked_reports_solid_and_clear() {
         board,
         scripts_from(&[(
             "b",
-            "fn init(m, s) { if m.blocked(East) { set_tile(9); } else { set_tile(7); } }",
+            "fn init(m) { if m.blocked(East) { set_tile(9); } else { set_tile(7); } }",
         )]),
     );
     game.run_init();
diff --git a/kiln-core/src/tests/collision.rs b/kiln-core/src/tests/collision.rs
index 3a1c24c..20de094 100644
--- a/kiln-core/src/tests/collision.rs
+++ b/kiln-core/src/tests/collision.rs
@@ -18,11 +18,11 @@ fn collision_priority_resolves_in_array_order_and_bumps() {
         scripts_from(&[
             (
                 "e",
-                "fn init(m,s) { move(East); } fn bump(m,s,id) { log(`o0 by ${id}`); }",
+                "fn init(m) { move(East); } fn bump(m,id) { log(`o0 by ${id}`); }",
             ),
             (
                 "w",
-                "fn init(m,s) { move(West); } fn bump(m,s,id) { log(`o1 by ${id}`); }",
+                "fn init(m) { move(West); } fn bump(m,id) { log(`o1 by ${id}`); }",
             ),
         ]),
     );
diff --git a/kiln-core/src/tests/scripting.rs b/kiln-core/src/tests/scripting.rs
index 41ee1c3..72f3443 100644
--- a/kiln-core/src/tests/scripting.rs
+++ b/kiln-core/src/tests/scripting.rs
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ use std::time::Duration;
 fn init_runs_only_on_run_init_not_at_construction() {
     let (board, scripts) = board_with_object(
         Some("greet"),
-        &[("greet", r#"fn init(m,s) { log("hello"); }"#)],
+        &[("greet", r#"fn init(m) { log("hello"); }"#)],
     );
     let mut game = GameState::with_scripts(board, scripts);
     // init must not fire during construction / deserialization.
@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ fn init_runs_only_on_run_init_not_at_construction() {
 fn tick_calls_script_tick_with_elapsed_seconds() {
     let (board, scripts) = board_with_object(
         Some("t"),
-        &[("t", r#"fn tick(m,s,dt) { log(dt.to_string()); }"#)],
+        &[("t", r#"fn tick(m,dt) { log(dt.to_string()); }"#)],
     );
     let mut game = GameState::with_scripts(board, scripts);
     game.run_init();
@@ -69,7 +69,7 @@ fn script_reads_board_through_view() {
     let board = open_board(5, 3, (3, 1), vec![scripted_object(2, 1, "r")]);
     let mut game = GameState::with_scripts(
         board,
-        scripts_from(&[("r", "fn init(m,s) { log(s.player.x.to_string()); }")]),
+        scripts_from(&[("r", "fn init(m) { log(Player.x.to_string()); }")]),
     );
     game.run_init();
     assert_eq!(log_texts(&game), vec!["3"]);
@@ -88,8 +88,8 @@ fn commands_are_routed_to_their_own_source_object() {
     let mut game = GameState::with_scripts(
         board,
         scripts_from(&[
-            ("e", "fn init(m,s) { move(East); }"),
-            ("w", "fn init(m,s) { move(West); }"),
+            ("e", "fn init(m) { move(East); }"),
+            ("w", "fn init(m) { move(West); }"),
         ]),
     );
     game.run_init();
@@ -127,7 +127,7 @@ fn set_tag_adds_and_removes_via_my_id() {
     // present on the object afterward.
     let (board, scripts) = board_with_object(
         Some("t"),
-        &[("t", r#"fn init(m,s) { set_tag(m.id, "active", true); }"#)],
+        &[("t", r#"fn init(m) { set_tag(m.id, "active", true); }"#)],
     );
     let mut game = GameState::with_scripts(board, scripts);
     game.run_init();
@@ -136,7 +136,7 @@ fn set_tag_adds_and_removes_via_my_id() {
     // A script removes a pre-existing tag.
     let (mut board2, scripts2) = board_with_object(
         Some("t2"),
-        &[("t2", r#"fn init(m,s) { set_tag(m.id, "active", false); }"#)],
+        &[("t2", r#"fn init(m) { set_tag(m.id, "active", false); }"#)],
     );
     // Seed the tag before construction.
     board2
@@ -158,8 +158,8 @@ fn has_tag_reads_own_tags() {
         Some("t"),
         &[(
             "t",
-            r#"fn init(m,s) { set_tag(m.id, "active", true); }
-               fn tick(m,s,dt) { log(m.has_tag("active").to_string()); }"#,
+            r#"fn init(m) { set_tag(m.id, "active", true); }
+               fn tick(m,dt) { log(m.has_tag("active").to_string()); }"#,
         )],
     );
     let mut game = GameState::with_scripts(board, scripts);
@@ -182,8 +182,8 @@ fn objects_with_tag_returns_matching_ids() {
         scripts_from(&[
             (
                 "q",
-                r#"fn init(m,s) {
-            let infos = s.board.tagged("enemy");
+                r#"fn init(m) {
+            let infos = Board.tagged("enemy");
             log(infos.len().to_string());
             log(infos[0].id.to_string());
         }"#,
@@ -201,7 +201,7 @@ fn objects_with_tag_returns_matching_ids() {
 fn my_name_returns_name_or_empty_string() {
     // An object with a name set on its ObjectDef should see it via my_name().
     let (mut board, scripts) =
-        board_with_object(Some("n"), &[("n", r#"fn init(m,s) { log(m.name); }"#)]);
+        board_with_object(Some("n"), &[("n", r#"fn init(m) { log(m.name); }"#)]);
     board.objects.get_mut(&1).unwrap().name = Some("beacon".to_string());
     let mut game = GameState::with_scripts(board, scripts);
     game.run_init();
@@ -209,7 +209,7 @@ fn my_name_returns_name_or_empty_string() {
 
     // An unnamed object should get ().
     let (board2, scripts2) =
-        board_with_object(Some("n"), &[("n", r#"fn init(m,s) { if m.name == () { log("null"); }}"#)]);
+        board_with_object(Some("n"), &[("n", r#"fn init(m) { if m.name == () { log("null"); }}"#)]);
     let mut game2 = GameState::with_scripts(board2, scripts2);
     game2.run_init();
     assert_eq!(log_texts(&game2), vec!["null"]);
@@ -228,9 +228,9 @@ fn object_id_for_name_finds_by_name() {
         scripts_from(&[
             (
                 "q",
-                r#"fn init(m,s) {
-            log(s.board.named("target").id.to_string());
-            let miss = s.board.named("missing");
+                r#"fn init(m) {
+            log(Board.named("target").id.to_string());
+            let miss = Board.named("missing");
             log(if miss == () { "not_found" } else { miss.id.to_string() });
         }"#,
             ),
@@ -251,7 +251,7 @@ fn player_bump_fires_with_negative_one() {
     let board = open_board(3, 1, (0, 0), vec![scripted_object(1, 0, "b")]);
     let mut game = GameState::with_scripts(
         board,
-        scripts_from(&[("b", "fn bump(m,s,id) { log(`bumped by ${id}`); }")]),
+        scripts_from(&[("b", "fn bump(m,id) { log(`bumped by ${id}`); }")]),
     );
     game.run_init();
     game.try_move(Direction::East);
@@ -271,7 +271,7 @@ fn scroll_opens_on_player_bump() {
         board,
         scripts_from(&[(
             "s",
-            r#"fn bump(m,s,id) { scroll(["Hello world", ["eat", "Eat it"]]); }"#,
+            r#"fn bump(m,id) { scroll(["Hello world", ["eat", "Eat it"]]); }"#,
         )]),
     );
     game.run_init();
@@ -295,7 +295,7 @@ fn handle_scroll_without_choice_clears_it() {
     let board = open_board(3, 1, (0, 0), vec![scripted_object(1, 0, "s")]);
     let mut game = GameState::with_scripts(
         board,
-        scripts_from(&[("s", r#"fn bump(m,s,id) { scroll(["Hello"]); }"#)]),
+        scripts_from(&[("s", r#"fn bump(m,id) { scroll(["Hello"]); }"#)]),
     );
     game.run_init();
     game.try_move(Direction::East);
@@ -317,7 +317,7 @@ fn handle_scroll_with_choice_dispatches_send_to_source() {
         scripts_from(&[(
             "s",
             r#"
-        fn bump(m,s,id) { scroll(["Muffin?", ["eat", "Eat it"]]); }
+        fn bump(m,id) { scroll(["Muffin?", ["eat", "Eat it"]]); }
         fn eat()    { log("eaten"); }
     "#,
         )]),
diff --git a/kiln-tui/src/main.rs b/kiln-tui/src/main.rs
index 403857a..470ca20 100644
--- a/kiln-tui/src/main.rs
+++ b/kiln-tui/src/main.rs
@@ -342,7 +342,7 @@ fn draw_play(frame: &mut Frame, game: &GameState, ui: &mut Ui) {
                 .spacing(Spacing::Overlap(1))
                 .areas(frame.area());
         frame.render_widget(
-            StatusSidebarWidget(game.player),
+            StatusSidebarWidget(game.player.clone()),
             sidebar_area,
         );
         rest
diff --git a/kiln-tui/src/status.rs b/kiln-tui/src/status.rs
index 552df1a..523b6da 100644
--- a/kiln-tui/src/status.rs
+++ b/kiln-tui/src/status.rs
@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@ use ratatui::style::{Color, Style};
 use ratatui::symbols::merge::MergeStrategy;
 use ratatui::text::{Line, Span};
 use ratatui::widgets::{Block, Paragraph, Widget};
-use kiln_core::player::Player;
+use kiln_core::player::PlayerRef;
 
 /// A filled heart: bright red.
 const HEART_FULL: Color = Color::Rgb(255, 0, 0);
@@ -27,11 +27,11 @@ const HEART_EMPTY: Color = Color::Rgb(90, 0, 0);
 /// Shows a `Health:` label above a row of [`MAX_HEARTS`] heart glyphs, a
 /// `Gems: ♦ N` line, and a `Keys:` row of 8 `♀` glyphs colored when held
 /// and dark gray when absent.
-pub struct StatusSidebarWidget(pub Player);
+pub struct StatusSidebarWidget(pub PlayerRef);
 
 impl Widget for StatusSidebarWidget {
     fn render(self, area: Rect, buf: &mut Buffer) {
-        let player = self.0;
+        let player = self.0.borrow();
         // One bright-red span per filled heart, dark-red for the rest, so a
         // partly-depleted bar reads at a glance.
         let filled = player.health;
diff --git a/maps/start.toml b/maps/start.toml
index a0e596b..f82ea2a 100644
--- a/maps/start.toml
+++ b/maps/start.toml
@@ -6,15 +6,15 @@ start = "start"
 # Objects reference a script by name via `script_name`.
 [scripts]
 greeter = """
-fn init(me, state) {
-    log(`hello from object — player at ${state.player.x}, ${state.player.y}`);
+fn init(me) {
+    log(`hello from object — player at ${Player.x}, ${Player.y}`);
     set_tile(2);   // change my glyph to ☻ — proves the write path
     say("Hello there,\\ntraveller!");
-    log(`Player health: ${state.player.health}`);
+    log(`Player health: ${Player.health}`);
 }
 
-fn tick(me, state, dt) {
-    if state.player.x == me.x && state.player.y == me.y && !me.waiting {
+fn tick(me, dt) {
+    if Player.x == me.x && Player.y == me.y && !me.waiting {
       say("Hey! Get offa me!");
       me.delay(5.0);
     }
@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ fn tick(me, state, dt) {
 """
 
 mover = """
-fn init(me, state) {
+fn init(me) {
     log(`q: ${me.queue.length}`);
     if Board.registry.get("dancer_x") != () {
         let new_x = Board.registry.get("dancer_x");
@@ -58,14 +58,14 @@ fn dance(me) {
 }
 // Fires when something steps into this object; id is the bumper's object id,
 // or -1 for the player.
-fn bump(me, state, id) {
+fn bump(me, id) {
     log(`mover bumped by ${id}`);
     say("Ow!");
 }
 """
 
 muffin = """
-fn bump(me, state, _id) {
+fn bump(me, _id) {
     scroll([
         "You find a small muffin on the ground, your favorite kind.",
         "It smells of cinnamon and warm mornings.",
@@ -73,7 +73,7 @@ fn bump(me, state, _id) {
         ["ignore", "This is obviously a trap — ignore it."]
     ]);
 }
-fn eat(me, state) {
+fn eat(me) {
     say("Yeah it was poisoned.");
     alter_health(-2);
 }
@@ -84,7 +84,7 @@ fn ignore() {
 """
 
 noticeboard = """
-fn bump(me, state, id) {
+fn bump(me, id) {
     scroll([
         "  TOWN NOTICE BOARD",
         " ",
@@ -117,7 +117,7 @@ fn bump(me, state, id) {
 """
 
 bookshelf = """
-fn bump(me, state, id) {
+fn bump(me, id) {
     scroll([
         "  THE BOOKSHELF",
         " ",
@@ -136,13 +136,13 @@ fn bump(me, state, id) {
 """
 
 fireplace = """
-fn bump(me, state, id) {
+fn bump(me, id) {
     say("The fire crackles warmly.\\nYou feel at ease.");
 }
 """
 
 chest = """
-fn bump(me, state, id) {
+fn bump(me, id) {
     scroll([
         "  THE CHEST",
         " ",
@@ -160,7 +160,7 @@ fn bump(me, state, id) {
 """
 
 yammerer = """
-fn tick(me, state, dt) {
+fn tick(me, dt) {
     if !me.waiting {
         say("blahblahblah");
         delay(1);
@@ -169,7 +169,7 @@ fn tick(me, state, dt) {
 """
 
 shifter = """
-fn tick(me, state, dt) {
+fn tick(me, dt) {
     let x = me.x;
     let y = me.y;